Baker’s Cyst
A Baker's cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled swelling that develops at the back of the knee. The cyst is named after the British surgeon who first described it, William Baker in 1885.
What are Baker’s cysts?
Baker's cysts typically develop when the knee joint produces excess synovial fluid, which is the fluid that lubricates and cushions the joint. This fluid can accumulate and form a cyst at the back of the knee.
The cyst can cause discomfort, stiffness, and swelling in the knee, especially when the leg is extended or when the person is active. It can also lead to tightness and a feeling of fullness in the back of the knee.
Baker's cysts can occur in people of all ages but are more common in adults. They can develop as a result of knee injuries, arthritis, or other underlying knee conditions. Treatment for a Baker's cyst may involve managing the underlying knee condition, draining the cyst, or surgery in severe cases.
What is the treatment?
The treatment for a Baker's cyst may depend on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Some treatment options include:
Observation, monitoring: If the cyst is small and not causing any discomfort or pain, the doctor may advise monitoring the cyst for any changes.
Biomechanical Abnormalities: Cyst may be caused due to abnormal pressure and foot posture. A podiatrist will examine the foot and knee and may provide intervention such as an orthotic which may help the prevention of a cyst formation and further damage to the knee joint.
Pain relief medication: Painkillers such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help reduce pain and inflammation.
Rest and elevation: Resting the knee and elevating it above heart level can help reduce swelling and discomfort.
Compression: Wearing a compression bandage or knee sleeve can help reduce swelling and improve circulation.
Draining the cyst: If the cyst is large or causing significant discomfort, the doctor may recommend draining the fluid from the cyst using a needle.
Treating underlying conditions: If the Baker's cyst is caused by an underlying knee condition such as arthritis, the doctor may recommend treating that condition to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Surgery: In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the cyst if it is causing significant discomfort and other treatments have not been effective. It's important to consult with a doctor or podiatrist to determine the most appropriate treatment for a Baker's cyst, as untreated cysts can lead to complications such as blood clots or infections.
If you have any concerns or would like a second opinion on any knee concerns, the team are happy to help.
